Factors and Forms of Pressure in the Media Environment in Bulgaria

Iliya  Valkov

doi:10.46324/PMP2203385

Iliya Valkov Department of Media and Public Communications, UNWE Sofia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2306-9225

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46324/PMP2203385

Keywords: media freedom, freedom of speech, self-censorship, survey, journalism, Bulgaria, AEJ-Bulgaria

Abstract

The focus of the article is to identify and describe current problems of the average media environment in Bulgaria. Such as: independence of decision-making in the editorial offices; external and internal pressure; under what financial and labour conditions do journalists their work; impact on various events and factors on the media sector such as: the effect of the pandemic, the economic and political environment, military conflicts, etc. In order to this research goal are presented results from online survey conducted on the perception of media freedom in Bulgaria among 204 journalists, media experts and university professors. It was carried out in the period May-June 2022.

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